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The Star-Planet Activity Research CubeSat (SPARCS) is a 6U CubeSat underdevelopment to monitor the flaring and chromospheric activity of M dwarfs atnear-ultraviolet (NUV) and far-ultraviolet (FUV) wavelengths. The spacecrafthosts two UV-optimized delta-doped charge-coupled devices fed by a 9-cmtelescope and a dichroic beam splitter. A dedicated science payload processorperforms near real-time onboard science image processing to dynamically changedetector integration times and gains to reduce the occurrence of pixelsaturation during strong M dwarf flaring events and provide adequate flarelight curve structure resolution while enabling the detection of low-amplituderotational modulation. The processor independently controls the NUV and FUVdetectors. For each detector, it derives control updates from the most recentcompleted exposure and applies them to the next exposure. The detection of aflare event in the NUV channel resets the exposure in the FUV channel with newexposure parameters. Implementation testing of the control algorithm usingsimulated light curves and full-frame images demonstrates a robust response tothe quiescent and flaring levels expected for the stars to be monitored by themission. The SPARCS onboard autonomous exposure control algorithm is adaptablefor operation in future point source-targeting space-based and ground-basedobservatories geared towards the monitoring of extreme transient astrophysicsphenomena.

Onboard Dynamic Image Exposure Control for the Star-Planet Activity Research CubeSat (SPARCS)