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Some highly reddened Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) display lowtotal-to-selective extinction ratios ($R_V \lesssim 2$) in comparison to thatof typical Milky Way dust ($R_V \approx 3.3$), and polarization curves thatrise steeply to blue wavelengths, with peak polarization values at shortwavelengths ($\lambda_{\rm max} < 0.4$ ${\mu}$m) in comparison to the typicalGalactic values ($\lambda_{\rm max} \approx 0.55$ ${\mu}$m). Understanding thesource of these properties could provide insight into the progenitor systems ofSNe Ia. We aim to determine whether they are the result of the host galaxy'sinterstellar dust or circumstellar dust. This is accomplished by analysing thecontinuum polarization of 66 SNe Ia in dust-rich spiral galaxies and 13 SNe Iain dust-poor elliptical galaxies as a function of normalised galactocentricdistance. We find that there is a general trend of SNe Ia in spiral galaxiesdisplaying increased polarization values when located closer to the hostgalaxies' centre, while SNe Ia in elliptical host galaxies display lowpolarization. Furthermore, all highly polarized SNe Ia in spiral host galaxiesdisplay polarization curves rising toward blue wavelengths, while no evidenceof such polarization properties is shown in elliptical host galaxies. Thisindicates that the source of the peculiar polarization curves is likely theresult of interstellar material as opposed to circumstellar material. Thepeculiar polarization and extinction properties observed toward some SNe Ia maybe explained by the radiative torque disruption mechanism induced by the SN orthe interstellar radiation field.

monthly notices of the royal astronomical society

An imaging polarimetry survey of Type Ia supernovae: are peculiar  extinction and polarization properties produced by circumstellar or  interstellar matter?