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Turbulent high-energy astrophysical systems often feature asymmetric energyinjection: for instance, Alfven waves propagating from an accretion disk intoits corona. Such systems are "imbalanced": the energy fluxes parallel andanti-parallel to the large-scale magnetic field are unequal. In the past,numerical studies of imbalanced turbulence have focused on themagnetohydrodynamic regime. In the present study, we investigateexternally-driven imbalanced turbulence in a collisionless,ultrarelativistically hot, magnetized pair plasma using three-dimensionalparticle-in-cell (PIC) simulations. We find that the injected electromagneticmomentum efficiently converts into plasma momentum, resulting in net motionalong the background magnetic field with speeds up to a significant fraction oflightspeed. This discovery has important implications for the launching ofaccretion disk winds. We also find that although particle acceleration inimbalanced turbulence operates on a slower timescale than in balancedturbulence, it ultimately produces a power-law energy distribution similar tobalanced turbulence. Our results have ramifications for black hole accretiondisk coronae, winds, and jets.

Kinetic Simulations of Imbalanced Turbulence in a Relativistic Plasma: Net Flow and Particle Acceleration