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Turbulent dynamo theories have faced difficulties in obtaining evolution oflarge-scale magnetic fields on short dynamical time-scales due to theconstraint imposed by magnetic helicity balance. This has critical implicationsfor understanding the large-scale magnetic field evolution in astrophysicalsystems like the Sun, stars and galaxies. Direct numerical simulations (DNS) inthe past with isotropically forced helical turbulence have shown thatlarge-scale dynamo saturation time-scales are dependent on the magneticReynolds number (Rm). In this work, we have carried out periodic box DNS ofhelically forced turbulence leading to a large-scale dynamo with two kinds offorcing function, an isotropic one based on that used in PENCIL-CODE and ananisotropic one based on Galloway-Proctor flows. We show that when theturbulence is forced anisotropically, the nonlinear (saturation) behaviour ofthe large-scale dynamo is only weakly dependent on Rm. In fact the magnetichelicity evolution on small and large scales in the anisotropic case isdistinctly different from that in the isotropic case. This result possiblyholds promise for the alleviation of important issues like catastrophicquenching.

Saturation of large-scale dynamo in anisotropically forced turbulence