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In recent years, observations have shown that multiple-star systems such ashierarchical triple and quadruple-star systems are common, especially amongmassive stars. They are potential sources of interesting astrophysicalphenomena such as compact object mergers, leading to supernovae, andgravitational wave events. However, many uncertainties remain in their oftencomplex evolution. Here, we present the population synthesis code MultipleStellar Evolution (MSE), designed to rapidly model the stellar, binary, anddynamical evolution of multiple-star systems. MSE includes a number of newfeatures not present in previous population synthesis codes: (1) an arbitrarynumber of stars, as long as the initial system is hierarchical, (2) dynamicswitching between secular and direct N-body integration for efficientcomputation of the gravitational dynamics, (3) treatment of mass transfer ineccentric orbits, which occurs commonly in multiple-star systems, (4) a simpletreatment of tidal, common-envelope, and mass transfer evolution in which theaccretor is a binary instead of a single star, (5) taking into account planetswithin the stellar system, and (6) including gravitational perturbations frompassing field stars. MSE, written primarily in the C++ language, will be madepublicly available and has few prerequisites; a convenient Python interface isprovided. We give a detailed description of MSE and illustrate how to use thecode in practice. We demonstrate its operation in a number of examples.

Multiple Stellar Evolution: a population synthesis algorithm to model the stellar, binary, and dynamical evolution of multiple-star systems