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We present results from the search for a stochastic gravitational-wavebackground (GWB) as predicted by the theory of General Relativity using sixradio millisecond pulsars from the Data Release 2 (DR2) of the European PulsarTiming Array (EPTA) covering a timespan up to 24 years. A GWB manifests itselfas a long-term low-frequency stochastic signal common to all pulsars, a commonred signal (CRS), with the characteristic Hellings-Downs (HD) spatialcorrelation. Our analysis is performed with two independent pipelines,\eprise{} and \tn{}+\ftwo{}, which produce consistent results. A search for aCRS with simultaneous estimation of its spatial correlations yields spectralproperties compatible with theoretical GWB predictions, but does not result inthe required measurement of the HD correlation, as required for GWB detection.Further Bayesian model comparison between different types of CRSs, including aGWB, finds the most favoured model to be the common uncorrelated red noisedescribed by a power-law with $A = 5.13_{-2.73}^{+4.20} \times 10^{-15}$ and$\gamma = 3.78_{-0.59}^{+0.69}$ (95\% credible regions). Fixing the spectralindex to $\gamma=13/3$ as expected from the GWB by circular, inspirallingsupermassive black-hole binaries results in an amplitude of $A=2.95_{-0.72}^{+0.89} \times 10^{-15}$. We implement three different models,BAYESEPHEM, LINIMOSS and EPHEMGP, to address possible Solar-system ephemeris(SSE) systematics and conclude that our results may only marginally depend onthese effects. This work builds on the methods and models from the studies onthe EPTA DR1. We show that under the same analysis framework the results remainconsistent after the data set extension.

monthly notices of the royal astronomical society

Common-red-signal analysis with 24-yr high-precision timing of the  European Pulsar Timing Array: Inferences in the stochastic gravitational-wave  background search