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We report the discovery of eMACSJ0252.4$-$2100 (eMACSJ0252), a massive andhighly evolved galaxy cluster at $z=0.703$. Our analysis of Hubble SpaceTelescope imaging and VLT/MUSE and Keck/DEIMOS spectroscopy of the system findsa high velocity dispersion of 1020$^{+180}_{-190}$ km s$^{-1}$ and a high (iftentative) X-ray luminosity of $(1.2\pm 0.4)\times10^{45}$ erg s$^{-1}$(0.1$-$2.4 keV). As extreme is the system's brightest cluster galaxy, a giantcD galaxy that forms stars at a rate of between 85 and 300 M$_\odot$ yr$^{-1}$and features an extended halo of diffuse [OII] emission, as well as evidence ofdust. Its most remarkable properties, however, are an exceptionally highellipticity and a radially symmetric flow of gas in the surroundingintracluster medium, potential direct kinematic evidence of a cooling flow. Astrong-lensing analysis, anchored by two multiple-image systems withspectroscopic redshifts, finds the best lens model to consist of a singlecluster-scale halo with a total mass of $(1.9\pm0.1)\times 10^{14}$ M$_\odot$within 250 kpc of the cluster core and, again, an extraordinarily highellipticity of $e=0.8$. Although further, in-depth studies across theelectromagnetic spectrum (especially in the X-ray regime) are needed toconclusively determine the dynamical state of the system, the propertiesestablished so far suggest that eMACSJ0252 must have already been highlyevolved well before $z\sim 1$, making it a prime target to constrain thephysical mechanisms and history of the co-evolution or dark-matter halos andbaryons in the era of cluster formation.

An extreme case of galaxy and cluster co-evolution at $z$=0.7