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For a fundamental understanding of terrain relaxation occurring on slopedsurfaces of terrestrial bodies, we analyze the crater shape produced by animpact on an inclined granular (dry-sand) layer. Owing to asymmetric ejectadeposition followed by landsliding, the slope of the impacted inclined surfacecan be relaxed. Using the experimental results of a solid projectile impact onan inclined dry-sand layer, we measure the distance of centroid migrationinduced by asymmetric cratering. We find that the centroid migration distance$x_\mathrm{mig}$ normalized to the crater minor-axis diameter $D_\mathrm{cy}$can be expressed as a function of the initial inclination of the target$\tan\theta$, the effective friction coefficient $\mu$, and two parameters $K$and $c$ that characterize the asymmetric ejecta deposition and oblique impacteffect: $x_\mathrm{mig}/D_\mathrm{cy}=K \tan\theta/(1-(\tan\theta/\mu)^2)+c$,where $K=0.6$, $\mu=0.8$, and $c=-0.1$ to $0.3$. This result is consistent witha previous study that considered the effect of asymmetric ejecta deposition.The obtained results provide fundamental information for analyzing thedegradation of sloped terrain on planetary surfaces, such as crater-shapedegradation due to the accumulation of micro-impacts.

Centroid migration on an impacted granular slope due to asymmetric ejecta deposition and landsliding