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We develop a series of N-body data challenges, functional to the finalanalysis of the extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS) DataRelease 16 (DR16) galaxy sample. The challenges are primarily based onhigh-fidelity catalogs constructed from the Outer Rim simulation - a large boxsize realization (3 Gpc/h) characterized by an unprecedented combination ofvolume and mass resolution, down to 1.85x10^9 M_sun/h. We generate syntheticgalaxy mocks by populating Outer Rim halos with a variety of halo occupationdistribution (HOD) schemes of increasing complexity, spanning differentredshift intervals. We then assess the performance of three complementaryredshift space distortion (RSD) models in configuration and Fourier space,adopted for the analysis of the complete DR16 eBOSS sample of Luminous RedGalaxies (LRGs). We find all the methods mutually consistent, with comparablesystematic errors on the Alcock-Paczynski parameters and the growth ofstructure, and robust to different HOD prescriptions - thus validating therobustness of the models and the pipelines used for the baryon acousticoscillation (BAO) and full shape clustering analysis. In particular, all thetechniques are able to recover a_par and a_perp to within 0.9%, and fsig8 towithin 1.5%. As a by-product of our work, we are also able to gain interestinginsights on the galaxy-halo connection. Our study is relevant for the finaleBOSS DR16 `consensus cosmology', as the systematic error budget is informed bytesting the results of analyses against these high-resolution mocks. Inaddition, it is also useful for future large-volume surveys, since similarmock-making techniques and systematic corrections can be readily extended tomodel for instance the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) galaxysample.

The Completed SDSS-IV Extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey: N-body Mock Challenge for Galaxy Clustering Measurements