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We investigate the environmental dependence of the stellar populations ofgalaxies in SDSS DR7. Echoing earlier works, we find that satellites are bothmore metal-rich (<0.1 dex) and older (<2 Gyr) than centrals of the same stellarmass. However, after separating star-forming, green valley and passivegalaxies, we find that the true environmental dependence of both stellarmetallicity (<0.03 dex) and age (<0.5 Gyr) is in fact much weaker. We show thatthe strong environmental effects found when galaxies are not differentiatedresult from a combination of selection effects brought about by theenvironmental dependence of the quenched fraction of galaxies, and thus westrongly advocate for the separation of star-forming, green valley and passivegalaxies when the environmental dependence of galaxy properties areinvestigated. We also study further environmental trends separately for bothcentral and satellite galaxies. We find that star-forming galaxies show noenvironmental effects, neither for centrals nor for satellites. In contrast,the stellar metallicities of passive and green valley satellites increaseweakly (< 0.05 dex and < 0.08 dex, respectively) with increasing halo mass,increasing local overdensity and decreasing projected distance from theircentral; this effect is interpreted in terms of moderate environmentalstarvation (`strangulation') contributing to the quenching of satellitegalaxies. Finally, we find a unique feature in the stellar mass--stellarmetallicity relation for passive centrals, where galaxies in more massivehaloes have larger stellar mass (~0.1 dex) at constant stellar metallicity;this effect is interpreted in terms of dry merging of passive central galaxiesand/or progenitor bias.

The weak imprint of environment on the stellar populations of galaxies