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The advent of a new generation of large-scale galaxy surveys is pushingcosmological numerical simulations in an uncharted territory. The simultaneousrequirements of high resolution and very large volume pose serious technicalchallenges, due to their computational and data storage demand. In this paper,we present a novel approach dubbed Dynamic Zoom Simulations -- or DZS --developed to tackle these issues. Our method is tailored to the production oflightcone outputs from N-body numerical simulations, which allow for a moreefficient storage and post-processing compared to standard comoving snapshots,and more directly mimic the format of survey data. In DZS, the resolution ofthe simulation is dynamically decreased outside the lightcone surface, reducingthe computational work load, while simultaneously preserving the accuracyinside the lightcone and the large-scale gravitational field. We show that ourapproach can achieve virtually identical results to traditional simulations athalf of the computational cost for our largest box. We also forecast thisspeedup to increase up to a factor of 5 for larger and/or higher-resolutionsimulations. We assess the accuracy of the numerical integration by comparingpairs of identical simulations run with and without DZS. Deviations in thelightcone halo mass function, in the sky-projected lightcone, and in the 3Dmatter lightcone always remain below 0.1%. In summary, our results indicatethat the DZS technique may provide a highly-valuable tool to address thetechnical challenges that will characterise the next generation of large-scalecosmological simulations.

Dynamic Zoom Simulations: a fast, adaptive algorithm for simulating lightcones