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A consensus view on the formation of planetesimals is now exposed to athreat, since recent numerical studies on the mechanical properties of dustaggregates tend to dispute the conceptual picture that submicrometer-sizedgrains conglomerate into planetesimals in protoplanetary disks. With the adventof precise laboratory experiments and extensive computer simulations on theinteraction between elastic spheres comprising dust aggregates, we revisit amodel for the tensile strength of dust aggregates consisting of small elasticgrains. In the framework of contact mechanics and fracture mechanics, weexamine outcomes of computer simulations and laboratory experiments on thetensile strength of dust aggregates. We provide a novel analytical formula thatexplicitly incorporates the volume effect on the tensile strength, namely, thedependence of tensile strength on the volume of dust aggregates. We find thatour model for the tensile strength of dust aggregates well reproduces resultsof computer simulations and laboratory experiments, if appropriate values areadopted for the elastic parameters used in the model. Moreover, the model withdust aggregates of submicrometer-sized grains is in good harmony with thetensile strength of cometary dust and meteoroids derived from astronomicalobservations. Therefore, we reaffirm the commonly believed idea that theformation of planetesimals begins with conglomeration of submicrometer-sizedgrains condensed in protoplanetary disks.

The tensile strength of dust aggregates consisting of small elastic grains: Constraints on the size of condensates in protoplanetary disks