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We present and test a framework that models the three-dimensionaldistribution of mass in the Universe as a function of cosmological andastrophysical parameters. Our approach combines two different techniques: arescaling algorithm that modifies the cosmology of gravity-only N-bodysimulations, and a baryonification algorithm which mimics the effects ofastrophysical processes induced by baryons, such as star formation and AGNfeedback. We show how this approach can accurately reproduce the effects ofbaryons on the matter power spectrum of various state-of-the-arthydro-dynamical simulations (EAGLE, Illustris, Illustris-TNG, Horizon-AGN, andOWLS,Cosmo-OWLS and BAHAMAS), to percent level from very large down to small,highly nonlinear scales, k= 5 h/Mpc, and from z=0 up to z=2. We highlight that,thanks to the heavy optimisation of the algorithms, we can obtain thesepredictions for arbitrary baryonic models and cosmology (including massiveneutrinos and dynamical dark energy models) with an almost negligible CPU cost.Therefore, this approach is efficient enough for cosmological data analyses.With these tools in hand we explore the degeneracies between cosmological andastrophysical parameters in the nonlinear mass power spectrum. Our findingssuggest that after marginalising over baryonic physics, cosmologicalconstraints inferred from weak gravitational lensing should be moderatelydegraded.

Modelling the large scale structure of the Universe as a function of cosmology and baryonic physics