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Observations of the peculiar type Ia SN~1991bg in NGC~4374 collected atESO--La Silla and Asiago are presented and discussed. The broad--band lightcurves in the early months have a narrower peak and a luminosity decline fasterthan other SNIa while the R and I light curves do not show the secondary peak.The SN is intrinsically very red (\bv$_{max}=0.74$) and faint($B_{max}=-16.54$). The $uvoir$ bolometric light curve of SN~1991bg is fainterwith a steeper decline than that of the normal SNIa (e.g. 1992A). This objectenhances the correlation which exists between the peak luminosity of SNIa, thedecline rate and the kinetic energy. Although a number of spectralpeculiarities are present the spectral evolution retains a general resemblanceto that of other SNIa until the latest available observation (day 203). Thiswork suggests that the explosion energy was probably a factor 3 to 5 lower thanin normal SNIa.

The properties of the peculiar type Ia supernova 1991bg -- I. Analysis and discussion of two years of observations