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This article calls attention to a hitherto overlooked piece of evidence that securely dates the completion of Book IX and subsequent books of Augustine’s  De Trinitate  to  ad  424/425 or later: in it Augustine refers to having seen the  moenia  (defensive walls) of Carthage, which were not built until  ad  424/425. The essay reviews the evidence for and previous scholarship on the chronology of the composition and completion of the  De Trinitate , and considers the implications of the new dating for the circumstances of its completion, situating it within the production of Augustine’s other major works in the mid- to late 420s.

The Walls of Carthage and the Date of Augustine’s De Trinitate