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Chemotherapy with irinotecan (CPT-11) or oxaliplatin (l-OHP) in combination with infusional 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and their cross-over as second-line therapies are standard treatments for metastatic colorectal cancer (MCRC). Molecular target agents, which are used as third-line therapies in Western countries after failure of these three drugs, have not been available in Japan. Monotherapy with S-1 [Tegafur, Oteracil potassium and 5-chloro-2,4-dihydroxypyrimidine (CDHP)] showed activity against colorectal cancer with a response rate of 35% as a first-line therapy. It is not clear whether inhibition of dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase by CDHP can modulate the activity of 5-FU even after patients initially fail with 5-FU. This retrospective study evaluated the efficacy and safety of monotherapy with S-1 for MCRC after the failure of standard chemotherapy.

japanese journal of clinical oncology

Retrospective Analysis of S-1 Monotherapy in Patients with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer After Failure to Fluoropyrimidine and Irinotecan or to Fluoropyrimidine, Irinotecan and Oxaliplatin