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The soybean aphid, Aphis glycines (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is an invasive pestthat can cause severe yield loss to soybeans in the northcentral United States.A tactic to counter this pest is the use of aphid-resistant soybean varieties.However, the occurrence of virulent biotypes can alter plant physiology andimpair the use of this management strategy. Soybean aphids can alter soybeanphysiology primarily by two mechanisms, feeding facilitation and the obviationof resistance, favoring subsequent colonization by additional conspecifics. Wedeveloped a non-local, differential equation population model, to explore thedynamics of these biological mechanisms on soybean plants co-infested withvirulent and avirulent aphids. We then use demographic parameters fromlaboratory experiments to perform numerical simulations via the model. Thesesimulations successfully mimic various aphid dynamics observed in the field.Our model showed an increase in colonization of virulent aphids increases thelikelihood that aphid-resistance is suppressed, subsequently increasing thesurvival of avirulent aphids, producing an indirect, positive interactionbetween the biotypes. These results suggest the potential for a "within plant"refuge that could contribute to the sustainable use of aphid resistantsoybeans.

Exploring the Dynamics of Virulent and Avirulent Aphids: A Case for a "Within Plant" Refuge