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A sample preparation procedure using microwave energy is proposed for the determination of morphine, 6-acetylmorphine, codeine, cocaine, cocaethylene, benzoylecgonine, methadone, and 2-ethylene-1,5-dimethyl-3,3-diphenylpyrrolidine in human plasma. A screening asymmetrical factorial design was used to identify the most suitable extraction conditions as regards solvent, temperature, and extraction time. The target drugs were quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography with diode-array detection. The use of microwave energy was found to reduce solvent consumption and extraction time compared with solid-phase extraction. The detector response was linear over the drug concentration range of 0.05-2.0 microg/mL in human plasma. The precision and accuracy were good, with values less than 8% and 7%, respectively. Drug recoveries from spiked samples ranged from 69 to 81%. The proposed method was successfully applied to a number of forensic cases.

Microwave-Assisted Extraction and HPLC-DAD Determination of Drugs of Abuse in Human Plasma