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A headspace gas chromatography/mass spectrometry method was developed for the simultaneous determination of the residual levels of acrylonitrile (AN), 1,3-butadiene (1,3-BD), and their related compounds containing propionitrile (PN) and 4-vinyl-1-cyclohexene (4-VC) in acrylonitrilebutadiene-styrene (ABS) copolymers for kitchen utensils and children's toys. A sample was cut into small pieces, then N,N-dimethylacetamide and an internal standard were added in a sealed headspace vial. The vial was incubated for 1 h at 90C and the headspace gas was analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. The recovery rates of the analytes were 93.3101.8 and the coefficients of variation were 0.36.5. In ABS copolymers, the levels were 0.350.4 g/g for AN, ND4.5 g/g for PN, 0.061.58 g/g for 1,3-BD, and 1.1295 g/g for 4-VC. The highest level was found for 4-VC, which is a dimer of 1,3-BD, and the next highest was for AN, which is one of the monomers of the ABS copolymer. Furthermore, the method was also applied to acrylonitrile-styrene (AS) copolymers and polystyrenes (PS) for kitchen utensils, and nitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR) gloves. In AS copolymers, AN and PN were detected at 16.854.5 and 0.86.9 g/g, respectively. On the other hand, the levels in PS and NBR samples were all low.

journal of aoac international

Analysis of Acrylonitrile, 1,3-Butadiene, and Related Compounds in Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene Copolymers for Kitchen Utensils and Children's Toys by Headspace Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry