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Light distribution within canopies is important for plant growth. We aimed to quantify the influence of row orientation on inter- and within-row variation of light absorption and photosynthesis in a hedgerow crop. An experiment with two row orientations of a tomato crop was conducted which was then used to calibrate a functional–structural plant model (FSPM). The FSPM was used to analyse light absorption and photosynthesis for each of the row facing directions in the double-row trellis system (e.g. north- and south-facing rows for the east–west row orientation). The measured leaf area decreased by 18 % and specific leaf area by 10 %, while fruit dry weight increased by 7 % for south-facing compared to north-facing rows, but total plant dry weight did not significantly differ. Model simulations showed a 7 % higher light absorption for the south-facing rows than north-facing rows, while net photosynthesis was surprisingly −4 % lower, due to local light saturation. When in the model leaf area was kept equal between the rows, light absorption for the south-facing rows was 19 % and net photosynthesis 8 % higher than for north-facing rows. We conclude that although south-facing rows would be expected to have a higher photosynthesis than north-facing rows, plants can adapt their morphology such that differences in light absorption and photosynthesis between north- and south-facing rows are minimal. Rows oriented north–south were more uniform in light absorption and photosynthesis than east–west rows, but the overall crop light absorption and photosynthesis were minimally affected (both 3 % lower compared to east–west orientation).

Row orientation affects the uniformity of light absorption, but hardly affects crop photosynthesis in hedgerow tomato crops