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Four insecticides were applied to apple (Red Delicious) with a handgun sprayer at 300 psi to the point of drip, simulating a dilute spray of approximately 400 gallons per acre. Four to five trees in the same row were treated with the same product. All treatments were made on 4 Sep. Fruit were collected at 3-4 d intervals for 25 d following the application. Ten fruit were collected from each treatment each sample date. Fruit were picked by the stem so as not to disrupt residues, placed directly into 14-oz paper cups held in a large plastic food storage container. Fruit were returned to the laboratory and allowed to remain at room temperature overnight with the exception of the first sample which was allowed to come to room temperature and dry before larvae were introduced onto the apples. Codling moth eggs were obtained from a colony maintained at the USDA-ARS Fruit Research Laboratory in Yakima. This colony is known to be susceptible to azinphosmethyl and probably to all the insecticides used in this test. Five newly hatched CM larvae (less than one h old) were transferred to each apple (50 larvae per treatment) using a small camel's hair brush. Lids were placed on the food storage containers and kept at room temperature (70-75°F) for 4 d. After 4 d, fruit were removed from the cups and the number of entries (as indicated by the presence of frass) counted. Entry sites were then dissected to determine if the CM larvae were alive or dead.

Apple, Efficacy of Insecticide Residues on Codling Moth, 1991