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The gene encoding heterogeneous ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) G recently has been mapped to the X chromosome. All mammals have a Y chromosome-encoded homologue of  HNRNP G  called  RBMY , which is implicated with a role in male fertility and is a candidate for the  azoospermia factor  gene. We have identified a new member of this gene family,  HNRNP G-T , and have mapped it as a single-copy gene on chromosome 11. This gene contains an uninterrupted open reading frame and no introns, consistent with derivation from a retroposon. However, unlike many retroposon-derived genes,  HNRNP G-T  is not a pseudogene. An antiserum raised to the conceptual reading frame of  HNRNP G-T  showed that it encodes a protein that is highly expressed in germ cells and in particular in the nuclei of meiotic spermatocytes. Surprisingly, although this antiserum was raised against human hnRNP G-T protein, it can also detect a similar protein in the testis of several mammals. This suggests that the protein is highly conserved and that the retrotransposition event generating the  HNRNP G-T  gene pre-dated at least the common ancestor of mouse and man. The existence of an additional testis-specific hnRNP G family member provides evidence for the importance of these proteins in normal germ cell development.

An evolutionarily conserved germ cell-specific hnRNP is encoded by a retrotransposed gene