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The purpose of this study is to explore whether the effect of weight loss on physical function in older adults varies by race/ethnicity. Individual level data from 1369 older, (67.7±5.4 years), obese (BMI: 33.9±4.4 kg/m2), adults (30% male, 21% African American) who participated in eight randomized controlled trials of weight loss were pooled. Studies were 5-6 months in duration and collected baseline demographic and pre/post gait speed (n=1296), short physical performance battery (SPPB; n=866), and grip strength (n=401) data. Treatment effects were generated by weight loss assignment [weight loss (WL; n=764) versus non-weight loss (NWL; n=605)], as well as categorical amount of weight change (high loss: >-7%, moderate loss: -7 to -3%, and weight gain/stability: <-3%). Analyses were adjusted for age, sex/gender, study, education, baseline BMI, and baseline value of the outcome measure of interest. Race/ethnicity stratified results were presented if the interaction term was p≤0.10. A race/ethnicity*weight loss assignment interaction was observed for gait speed (p=0.07), with African Americans experiencing greater weight loss-associated improvement (WL: 0.07±0.01 m/s versus NWL: 0.02±0.01 m/s; p=0.03) compared to Whites (WL: 0.08±0.01 m/s versus NWL: 0.07±0.01 m/s). A race/ethnicity*weight loss amount interaction was also observed for gait speed (p<0.01), with greater weight loss associated with greater improvement in both African Americans and Whites; although, gains were most apparent in African Americans experiencing high loss (0.12±0.02 m/s) compared to gain/stability (0.01±0.01 m/s). The beneficial effects of weight loss on gait speed appear greater in African Americans and are augmented with greater weight loss.

DOES PHYSICAL FUNCTION RESPONSE TO INTENTIONAL WEIGHT LOSS IN OLDER ADULTS VARY BY RACE-ETHNICITY?