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Interspecific cross is a powerful means to uncover hidden within- and between-species variation in populations. One example is a bristle loss phenotype of hybrids between Drosophila melanogaster and D. simulans, although both the pure species have exactly the same pattern of bristle formation on the notum. There exists a large amount of genetic variability in the simulans populations with respect to the number of missing bristles in hybrids, and the variation is largely attributable to simulans X chromosomes. Using nine molecular markers, I screened the simulans X chromosome for genetic factors that were responsible for the differences between a pair of simulans lines with high (H) and low (L) missing bristle numbers. Together with duplication-rescue experiments, a single major quantitative locus was mapped to a 13F–14F region. Importantly, this region accounted for most of the differences between H and L lines in three other independent pairs, suggesting segregation of H and L alleles at the single locus in different populations. Moreover, a deficiency screening uncovered several regions with factors that potentially cause the hybrid bristle loss due to epistatic interactions with the other factors.

Genetic Screens for Factors Involved in the Notum Bristle Loss of Interspecific Hybrids Between Drosophila melanogaster and D. simulans