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Background Among 10 global problems of 2019 determined by the World Health Organization, vaccine refusal was one of the problems mentioned. In this context, health services and health personnel whose main objectives are to keep individuals healthy and to prevent diseases have major responsibilities. This study aims to analyze knowledge and behavior of nurses working in Malatya Turgut Özal Hospital on childhood vaccine refusal. Methods This study, conducted between June-July 2019, is a descriptive cross-sectional study and its universe is composed of 850 nurses working in Turgut Özal hospital. Sample size was calculated to be 263 at a confidence interval of 95% and strength of 80%. In the questionnaire, sociodemographic questions on nurses and children as well as questions determining nurses' knowledge and behavior on childhood vaccine refusal were asked. Chi-square test and Fisher's Exact Test were used in statistical analyses. p &amp;lt; 0.05 was determined to be significant. Results 31.7% of nurses participating in the study stated that they had concerns on childhood vaccines. Two-thirds of nurses stated that their knowledge on vaccines were from their education, one-thirds of them knew that childhood vaccines were mandatory by law while three out of four stated they knew the vaccination schedule recommended by the Ministry of Health. The level of concern in those agreeing to the fact that vaccines caused autism and infertility, those stating that they did not trust vaccine-producing companies, and those stating that catching the disease was a better immunization method than vaccination was significantly higher than those not agreeing to these and those who were indecisive (p &amp;lt; 0.05). Conclusions One-thirds of nurses was proven to have concerns on childhood vaccines and this rate is rather high. Nurses, being both health personnel and the communication channel for guiding parents, should be provided necessary trainings and practices in order to ease their concerns on vaccination. Key messages In-service trainings should be given importance in order to reduce nurses’ concern. Due to the fact that the information source for nurses on vaccination was their education, subjects that would eliminate their concerns should be highlighted.

Knowledge and Behavior of Nurses on Childhood Vaccine Refusal in a Hospital of Eastern Turkey