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Background: Although positive effects of Drug eluting stent (DES) reduce inflammation and restenosis, negative effects delay re-endothelialization and impair microvascular function. Delayed re-endothelialization and impaired microvascular function are linked to stent thrombosis and adverse clinical outcomes after DES use. Rapid re-endothelialization by an endothelial progenitor cell capture (EPC) stent provide a non-thrombogenic coating of the exposed stent struts. However, microvascular function related to EPC stent have been seldom investigated and reported. Method: Seventy four consecutive patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention including stable angina and acute coronary syndrome were enrolled in the study. Microvascular function was estimated after intervention at 6-month follow-up by measuring index of microvascular resistance (IMR) using intracoronary pressure/temperature sensor-tipped guidewire. Thermodilution curves were obtained during maximal hyperemia. The IMR was calculated from the ratio of the mean distal coronary pressure at maximal hyperemia to the inverse of mean hyperemic transit time Results: Twenty one patients (age: 67±9 years, M:F=12:7) received EPC stent. 53 patients (age: 61±12 years, M:F=20:6) received 2nd generation drug eluting stent (zotarolimus eluting stent or everolimus eluting stent). There were no significant differences in baseline clinical and angiographic characteristics. At 6-month angiographic outcomes, there were no significant differences in binary restenosis, minimal luminal diameter. However, patients with EPC stent treatment had significant lower IMR than did patients with 2nd generation coronary stent (median: 11.36 [interquartile range (IQR) 7.14 to 17.77] vs 18.72 [IQR:13.01 to 36.28], p=0.011). Conclusion: In patients receiving EPC stent, microvascular dysfunction was reduced compared with patients receiving 2nd generation drug eluting stent. Rapid endothelialization by EPC stent may be desired in some patients predicting microvascular dysfunction in DES era.

Influence of endothelial progenitor cell captureing stent on coronary microvascular function in drug eluting stent era