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Background Anemia correlates with the risk of ischemic and bleeding event in coronary artery disease (CAD) following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods We defined anemia by World Health Organization criteria (hemoglobin &amp;lt;13 g/dL in men and &amp;lt;12 g/dL in women). Major bleeding event was defined as Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) 3 or 5. Major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE) was defined as a composite of cardiovascular death, non-fatal myocardial infarct, and revascularization. The primary end-point was the MACE rate and the major bleeding rate. Results Among the 5,809 patients who underwent the PCI, 32.1% of the baseline anemia and 33.5% of the 30-day anemia were identified. With a median follow-up of 26.8 [15.9–42.3] months, and the MACE rate was 11.6% and the major bleeding event rate was 2.2%. 30-day anemia rather than baseline anemia showed a significant risk of MACE and major bleeding event (MACE, adjusted HR 1.28, p=0.036 vs. adjusted HR 1.09, p=0.389; major bleeding event, adjusted HR 2.72, p&amp;lt;0.001 vs. adjusted HR 1.73, p=0.006) (Figure). The MACE and major bleeding event rate at 5-year was significantly increased in patients with 30-day anemia (18.4% vs. 12.1%, p&amp;lt;0.001; 10.4% vs. 2.3%, p&amp;lt;0.001). Conclusion Anemia during the first 30-day was strongly associated with higher rate of long-term MACE and major bleeding event. These findings could have a clinical relevance in making a pharmacologic strategies to avoid the future ischemic and bleeding event following PCI. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None

Prognostic implication of baseline and 30-day anemia in patients with coronary artery disease undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention