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Background Tofacitinib is an oral, small-molecule JAK inhibitor for the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC). Efficacy and safety of tofacitinib in patients with UC were evaluated in two Phase 3 induction studies (OCTAVE Induction 1 and 2; NCT01465763, NCT01458951), a 52-week, Phase 3 maintenance study (OCTAVE Sustain, NCT01458574), and an ongoing, open-label, long-term extension study (NCT01470612) [1,2]. Here, we evaluate the association between disease duration and the likelihood of achieving an endoscopic subscore of either 0 or 1 in OCTAVE Induction 1 and 2 and OCTAVE Sustain. Methods The degree of mucosal healing (Mayo endoscopic subscore of 0 or 1) achieved at Week 8 of OCTAVE Induction 1 and 2 (tofacitinib 10 mg twice daily [BID] or placebo) and at Week 52 of OCTAVE Sustain (responders from OCTAVE Induction 1 and 2; tofacitinib 5 or 10 mg BID or placebo) was evaluated in relation to UC disease duration at OCTAVE Induction 1 and 2 baseline (ie prior to study treatment). The association between disease duration category (&amp;lt;3, 3–6 and &amp;gt;6 years) and endoscopic subscore (centrally read) was assessed using the Cochran–Mantel–Haenszel chi-square test. Patients who did not achieve mucosal healing (as observed) were excluded. Results A total of 303/1139 (26.6%) patients achieved mucosal healing at Week 8 of OCTAVE Induction 1 and 2, and 190/593 (32.0%) at Week 52 of OCTAVE Sustain. Of patients who achieved mucosal healing at Week 8 of OCTAVE Induction 1 and 2 (with tofacitinib or placebo), 89 (29.4%), 76 (25.1%) and 138 (45.5%) had baseline disease durations of &amp;lt;3 years, 3–6 years and &amp;gt;6 years, respectively. Overall (among patients who achieved mucosal healing, treated with tofacitinib or placebo), no statistically significant association between disease duration and endoscopic subscore was observed, either at Week 8 of OCTAVE Induction 1 and 2 or at Week 52 of OCTAVE Sustain (chi-squared p = 0.13 and p = 0.23, respectively). In both OCTAVE Induction 1 and 2 and OCTAVE sustain, a numerically higher proportion of patients with shorter disease duration (&amp;lt;3 years) had complete mucosal healing (endoscopic subscore of 0) with tofacitinib vs. patients with longer disease duration (tofacitinib 10 mg BID and/or tofacitinib all groups) (Table). Conclusion Among patients with endoscopic improvement after induction and maintenance therapy with tofacitinib, rates of complete mucosal healing were numerically higher among those with UC for &amp;lt;3 years before starting treatment than among those with a longer disease duration. These analyses are post hoc and limited by the small sample size. References

P475 Association between disease duration and degree of endoscopic improvement in patients with ulcerative colitis treated with tofacitinib