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Background Real-world data about treatment optimization of vedolizumab in ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD) are scarce. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the influence of administration of a supplementary dose of vedolizumab at week ten on short and long-term outcomes. Methods A retrospective two-center cohort study was conducted between November 2014 and November 2019. The primary outcomes were clinical remission (CR) at weeks 14, 30, 52, and 104 and Sustained CR (SCR) defined as CR at week 14 through week 52. Results The study included 182 patients (UC: 97, CD: 85), all previously exposed to at least one biological therapy. As shown in Table 1, patients with CD receiving or not receiving the additional dosing at week ten were comparable in terms of disease activity at weeks 0 and 6, while patients with UC receiving the dosing at week 10 experienced higher disease activity at week 0 but not week 6. The overall efficacy of vedolizumab in UC and CD stratified according to treatment with the optional dosing at week ten is summarized in Figures 1 and 2, demonstrating no statistically significant difference among patients receiving or not receiving vedolizumab at week 10. Furthermore, the optional dosing of vedolizumab at week 10 (odds ratio (OR)=0.23 (95%CI 0.03-1.17), and OR=0.68 (95%CI 0.22-2.04)), was not associated with CR at week 52 among patients with UC and CD, respectively. Conclusion Vedolizumab is effective in achieving short and long-term CR and SCR in patients with treatment-refractory UC and CD. This study emphasizes that supplementary dosing at week 10 did not improve long-term outcomes.

journal of crohn's and colitis

P421 Treatment optimization with vedolizumab in treatment-refractory patients with ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease – a real-world two-center cohort study