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The monitoring of total sulfur content and speciation of individual sulfur-containing compounds in middle distillates is required for efficient catalyst selection and for a better understanding of the kinetics of the reactions involved in hydrotreament processes. Owing to higher resolution power and enhanced sensitivity, comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC×GC) hyphenated to sulfur chemiluminescence detection (SCD) has recently evolved as a powerful tool for improving characterization and identification of sulfur compounds. The aim of this paper is to compare quantitatively GC×GC-SCD and various other methods commonly employed in the petroleum industry, such as X-ray fluorescence, conventional GC-SCD, and high-resolution mass spectrometry, for total sulfur content determination and speciation analysis. Different samples of middle distillates have been analyzed to demonstrate the high potential and important advantages of GC×GC-SCD for innovative and quantitative analysis of sulfur containing compounds. More accurate and detailed results for benzothiophenes and dibenzothiophenes are presented, showing that GC×GC-SCD should become, in the future, an essential tool for sulfur speciation analysis.

journal of chromatographic science

Comparison of Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography Coupled with Sulfur-Chemiluminescence Detector to Standard Methods for Speciation of Sulfur-Containing Compounds in Middle Distillates