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The present study indicates that male rat urinary components in female rat vomeronasal organ microvillar preparations not only induce a rapid and transient IP 3  signal, but in addition, the level of cAMP decreases with a delayed and sustained time course. This decrease seems to be a consequence of the preceding activation of the phosphoinositol pathway rather than the result of an enhanced phosphodiesterase activity or an inhibition of adenylyl cyclase (AC) via Gα i  or Gα o . This notion is supported by the finding that activation of the endogenous protein kinase C suppresses basal as well as forskolin-induced cAMP formation. Furthermore, it was observed that elevated levels of calcium inhibit cAMP formation in rat VNO microvillar preparations. These properties of cAMP signaling in the VNO of rats may be mediated by a calcium- and protein kinase C-inhibited AC VI subtype, which is localized in microvillar preparations of the VNO.

Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate Signaling in the Rat Vomeronasal Organ: Role of an Adenylyl Cyclase Type VI