English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Zendy Plus

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Insights

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Zendy Tools

Zendy Open

Polymorphisms inGSTM1,GSTT1andGSTP1genes in humans are associated with the reduction of enzymatic activity toward several substrates, including those in tobacco smoke. To investigate the potential role these polymorphisms have, as modulators of early-onset lung cancer risk, a population-based case-control study involving early-onset lung cancer cases was performed. Biological samples were available for 350 individuals diagnosed &lt;50 years of age identified from the metropolitan Detroit Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) program and 410 cases of age, race and sex-matched controls ascertained through random digit dialing. African Americans carrying at least oneGallele at theGSTP1locus were 2.9-fold more likely to have lung cancer compared with African Americans without aGallele after adjustment for age, sex, pack years of smoking and history of lung cancer in a first-degree relative (95% CI 1.29–6.20). African Americans with either one or two risk genotypes at theGSTM1andGSTP1loci were at increased risk of having lung cancer compared with those having fully functionalGSTM1andGSTP1genes (OR = 2.8, 95% CI 1.1–7.2 and OR = 4.0, 95% CI 1.3–12.2, respectively). No significant single gene associations betweenGSTM1,GSTT1orGSTP1and early-onset lung cancer were identified in Caucasians, after adjusting for age, sex, pack years and family history of lung cancer. However, our results suggest that specific combinations of glutathioneS-transferase polymorphisms increase the risk of early-onset of lung cancer. Joint analysis of these genotypes may identify individuals who are at a higher risk of developing early-onset lung cancer with a greater certainty than single gene studies.

carcinogenesis

Combinations of glutathione               S              -transferase genotypes and risk of early-onset lung cancer in Caucasians and African Americans: a population-based study