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Background The Tokyo 2018 guidelines support emergency laparoscopic cholecystectomy (ELC) for acute cholecystitis (AC) over delayed laparoscopic cholecystectomy (DLC) for mild cholecystitis, substantiated by a lower total length of stay. The supporting studies are limited by small sample sizes, and clinically relevant findings may have been missed. The aims of the present paper were firstly, to compare the peri- and post-operative course following emergency and delayed LC for AC. Methods All patients who underwent ELC and DLC for AC following hospital admission between January 2015 and December 2019 were included in the study. Pre-operative, operative and post-operative data over a 100-day follow-up period were collected retrospectively from multiple databases using a deterministic records-linkage methodology. Patients were splint into groups based on previous admissions and outcomes were compared between ELC and DLC. Multivariate logistic regression models were then used on the entire cohort to adjust for other variables and to determine the impact of ELC versus DLC. Complications of the category Clavien-Dindo ≥2 were considered. Results In the group with no previous admissions (n = 630), DCL patients had lower rates of intra-/post-operative complications (8.0%vs.17.9%;p&amp;lt;0.001), lower rates of re-admission (6.6%vs.12.2%;p=0.04) and longer total length of stay (6dvs.5d;p=0.03). In patients with previous admissions (n = 181), DCL had lower rates of intra-/post-operative complications (14.1%vs.25.5%;p=0.06) but there was no significant difference in length of stay (13dvs.12d;p=0.81). The ELC group had a significantly lower admission CRP, ASA and age (p &amp;lt; 0.001). In the multivariate logistic regression models, ELC was positively associated with subtotal/conversion to open (OR,1.94;p=0.01), drain insertion (OR,2.54;p&amp;lt;0.001), bile leak (OR,2.38;p&amp;lt;0.001), post-operative imaging (OR,1.83;p=0.01), longer post-operative stay (OR,7.26,p&amp;lt;0.001) and readmission (OR-1.9;p=0.01).  Conclusions DLC, once the period of active inflammation has settled, offers superior post-operative outcomes, including lower rates of complication, re-admission and post-operative length of stay; however is associated with longer total length of stay. DLC is only advised where the risk of re-admission is minimised (i.e surgery six weeks following the episode) and relies on the management of surgical waiting lists.

P-BN61 Optimal timing of laparoscopic cholecystectomy for admitted acute cholecystitis patients