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B. thuringiensis products were evaluated for their effect on PLR larvae using artificial diet as a treatment substrate. Treatments were prepared by diluting the appropriate amt of B. thuringiensis (see table) in 500 ml water in a glass beaker. A drop of wetting agent, X-77®, was added to each treatment. An untreated control was prepared using water plus the wetting agent. The pinto bean diet was dyed blue to make leafroller larvae more visible during post-treatment examinations. The diet was cut into small cubes of about Vz inch. Ten diet cubes were placed into a treatment solution for about 30 s, during which time it was stirred continuously. The diet cubes were removed by pouring the treatment solution through a wire sieve. Cubes were placed on a wire screen and allowed to dry. One diet cube was placed in a 1-oz plastic portion cup. Cups containing diet cubes were randomly chosen, and five 1- to 2- d-old leafroller larvae were placed on the cube. The cup lids were put in place, and cups were placed inside a food storage container with a moist paper towel to maintain high humidity and kept at 75°F (±2°F) constant temperature and 16:8 photoperiod. Cups were examined after 3, 7 and 14 d and larval survival recorded. Ten cups were used for each treatment (50 larvae per treatment). A leaf-dip bioassay was also used to compare the effect of treatment substrate on product efficacy. Apple leaves were collected from untreated Red Delicious trees at the WSU Tree Fruit Research and Extension Center, Wenatchee. Leaves were dipped into the same concentrations of Dipel used for the bean-diet bioassay, then allowed to dry. Two punches (2.3 cm diameter) were taken from each leaf. Four punches were placed in each petri dish (Falcon 1006, 50 × 9 mm). Petri dishes were chosen randomly, and five 1- to 2-d-old leafroller larvae were placed on the leaf disks. The petri dish lids were put in place, and dishes were placed inside a food storage container with a moist paper towel to maintain high humidity and kept at 75°F (±2°F) constant temperature and 16:8 photoperiod. Petri dishes were examined after 3, 7 and 14 d and larval survival recorded. Ten dishes were used for each treatment (50 larvae per treatment).

Bioassay, Laboratory Tests Comparing Dipel and Xentari Against Leafroller Larvae, 1993