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The study was conducted in Lincoln, NE on a Kentucky bluegrass golf course fairway. The turf (100% Kentucky bluegrass) was maintained at a mowing height of 5/s inches and thatch accumulation in the plot area was 0.75 inches (finger compressed, 0.5 inches). Field condition at the time of application were: soil type, silty clay loam; soil organic matter, 3-5%; soil pH, 6-7; water pH, 7.0; soil moisture, near field capacity Plots were 40 inches × 15 ft and the experimental design was a RCB with 4 replications. Insecticides were applied 20 Aug. Subsurface treatments were applied using a Cushman Prototype Subsurface Applicator designed to place liquid or granular insecticides at the soil-thatch interface (average depth. 0.75 inches). Conventional granular treatments were applied with a Gandy 24H12 drop spreader. Conventional liquid applications were applied with a CO2 sprayer with LF-4 tip delivering 3 gal finished spray/1000 ft2 at 24 psi. Immediately following applications, plots were irrigated with 0.5 inches of water. A total of 5.35 inches of rain fell during the post-treatment period. Treatments were evaluated 21 DAT on 10 Sep by removing from each plot three, 8-inch diam turf-soil cores (1.05 ft2 total area) to a depth of 3 inches and counting the number of surviving grubs.

Subsurface vs. Conventional Insecticide Applications for Control of Annual White Grubs on a Goli Course Fairway, 1993