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In this survey, we review the properties of minimal spectral $k$-partitions in the two-dimensional case and revisit their connections with Pleijel's Theorem. We focus on the large $k$ problem (and the hexagonal conjecture) in connection with two recent preprints by J. Bourgain and S. Steinerberger on the Pleijel Theorem. This leads us also to discuss some conjecture by I. Polterovich, in relation with square tilings. We also establish a Pleijel Theorem for Aharonov-Bohm Hamiltonians and deduce from it, via the magnetic characterization of the minimal partitions, some lower bound for the number of critical points of a minimal partition.

A review on large 𝑘 minimal spectral 𝑘-partitions and Pleijel’s Theorem