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Previous studies have reported that mild induced hypothermia (MIH) treatment has positive effects on traumatic brain injury (TBI) outcomes, which have recently been linked to β-amyloid (Aβ)-induced secondary brain injury (SBI) extent in hippocampal tissues. We therefore investigate the relationship between MIH treatment and expression of Aβ and related proteins following TBI. Adult Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three equal groups (S: sham-operated, N: normothermia, and H: mild hypothermia). After TBI induced by fluid percussion, group N remained at normal temperature, and group H underwent MIH (32°C) for 6 hours. Behavioral scale scores were then assessed. All rats were sacrificed 24 hours and hippocampal tissues were harvested, stained with hematoxylin and eosin. mRNA and protein expressions of Aβ, β-amyloid protein precursor (APP), and β-secretase (BACE) were analyzed. Our results revealed significantly improved behavioral scale scores and the surviving neuron numbers were observed in group H compared to group N ( p &lt;0.05). Additionally, group N increased APP, Aβ, and BACE levels compared to group S (all p &lt;0.05). Reduced expression of APP-, Aβ-, and BACE were apparent in group H compared to group N (all p &lt;0.05). However, no statistically significant difference was observed between groups H and S in behavioral scale scores and the expression of APP-, Aβ-, and BACE ( p &gt;0.05). In conclusion, MIH treatment significantly improves the survival of neuron and reduced Aβ, BACE, and APP upregulation after TBI, which may provide a better understanding of the mechanisms by which hypothermia reduces SBI in TBI patients.

Effects of Mild Hypothermia Treatment on Rat Hippocampal β-Amyloid Expression Following Traumatic Brain Injury