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Homochirality is a generic and unique property of all biochemical life and isconsidered a universal and agnostic biosignature. Upon interaction withunpolarized light, homochirality induces fractional circular polarization inthe light that is scattered from it, which can be sensed remotely. As such, itcan be a prime candidate biosignature in the context of future life-detectionmissions and observatories. The linear polarizance of vegetation is alsosometimes envisaged as a biosignature, although it does not share the molecularorigin as circular polarization. It is known that the linear polarization ofsurfaces is strongly dependent on the phase angle. The relation between thephase angle and circular polarization stemming from macromolecular assemblies,such as in vegetation, however, remained unclear. We demonstrate in this studyusing the average of 27 different species that the circular polarization phaseangle dependency of vegetation induces relatively small changes in spectralshape and mostly affects the signal magnitude. With these results we underlinethe use of circular spectropolarimetry as a promising agnostic biosignaturecomplementary to the use of linear spectropolarimetry and scalar reflectance.

Directional aspects of vegetation linear and circular polarization biosignatures