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The theory of quantum thermodynamics predicts fundamental bounds on workextraction from quantum states. As these bounds are derived in a very generaland abstract setting, it is unclear how relevant they are in an experimentalcontext, where control is typically limited. Here we address this question byshowing that optimal work extraction is possible for a realistic engine. Thelatter consists of a superconducting circuit, where a LC-resonator is coupledto a Josephson junction. The oscillator state fuels the engine, providingenergy absorbed by Cooper pairs, thus producing work in the form of anelectrical current against an external voltage bias. We show that this machinecan extract the maximal amount of work from all Gaussian and Fock states.Furthermore, we consider work extraction from a continuously stabilizedoscillator state. In both scenarios, coherence between energy eigenstates isbeneficial, increasing the power output of the machine. This is possiblebecause the phase difference across the Josephson junction provides a phasereference.

Optimal work extraction from quantum states by photo-assisted Cooper pair tunneling