English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Electrical neuromodulation is widely used to treat andmanage neurological disorders.Migraine, a socioeconomic burden,may be treated using this technique. Transcutaneous stimulation of frontal nerves by electrodes placed on the forehead is of interest as it exposes patients to lower levels of risk and side-effects comparedwith surgical and pharmaceutical solutions andmay be readily delivered. The size, shape and placement of the electrodes can be optimised using computationalmodels involving a volume conductormodel of anatomical structures and electrodes as well as nerve fibre models. A detailed volume conductor incorporating cell level structures of skin can yield an accurate map of electrical potential distribution due to an electrode setting.However, such amodel imposes a very substantial computational cost whichmay impede the design process. Computation cost can be significantly reduced if the skinmicroscopic structures are ignored. In this study, we compare the accuracy and computation cost with andwithout skinmicroscopic structures on the outcome of a device for transcutaneous frontal nerve stimulation. The performance is presented as the percentage activation of target nervefibres in response to the level of stimulus current delivered via surface electrodes placed on the forehead.When cell level structures of skin are not incorporated, discretisation time is reduced from21 h to 0.4 h and the number offinite elements used from18M to 1.4M.Only 1%difference in stimulus current thresholds is observed.

Influence of cellular structures of skin on fiber activation thresholds and computation cost