English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

A giant planet embedded in a protoplanetary disk forms a gap. An analyticrelationship among the gap depth, planet mass $M_{p}$, disk aspect ratio $h_p$,and viscosity $\alpha$ has been found recently, and the gap depth can bewritten in terms of a single parameter $K= (M_{p}/M_{\ast})^2 h_p^{-5}\alpha^{-1}$. We discuss how observed gap features can be used to constrain thedisk and/or planet parameters based on the analytic formula for the gap depth.The constraint on the disk aspect ratio is critical in determining the planetmass so the combination of the observations of the temperature and the imagecan provide a constraint on the planet mass. We apply the formula for the gapdepth to observations of HL~Tau and HD~169142. In the case of HL~Tau, wepropose that a planet with $\gtrsim 0.3$ is responsible for the observed gap at$30$~AU from the central star based on the estimate that the gap depth is$\lesssim 1/3$. In the case of HD~169142, the planet mass that causes the gapstructure recently found by VLA is $\gtrsim 0.4 M_J$. We also argue that thespiral structure, if observed, can be used to estimate the lower limit of thedisk aspect ratio and the planet mass.

Mass Estimates of a Giant Planet in a Protoplanetary Disk from the Gap Structures