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We study the evolution of angular momenta of ($M_*=10^{10}-10^{12}\msun$)galaxies utilizing large-scale ultra-high resolution cosmological hydrodynamicsimulations and find that spin of the stellar component changes directionfrequently, caused by major mergers, minor mergers, significant gas inflows andtorques by nearby systems. The rate and nature of change of spin direction cannot be accounted for by large-scale tidal torques, because the latter fallshort in rates by orders of magnitude and because the apparent random swings ofthe spin direction are inconsistent with alignment by linear density field. Theimplications for galaxy formation as well as intrinsic alignment of galaxiesare profound. Assuming the large-scale tidal field is the sole alignment agent,a new picture emerging is that intrinsic alignment of galaxies would be abalance between slow large-scale coherent torquing and fast spin reorientationby local interactions. What is still open is whether other processes, such asfeeding galaxies with gas and stars along filaments or sheets, introducecoherence for spin directions of galaxies along the respective structures.

Frequent Spin Reorientation of Galaxies due to Local Interactions