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Planetary systems discovered by the Kepler space telescope exhibit anintriguing feature. While the period ratios of adjacent low-mass planets appearlargely random, there is a significant excess of pairs that lie just wide ofresonances and a deficit on the near side. We demonstrate that this featurenaturally arises when two near-resonant planets interact in the presence ofweak dissipation that damps eccentricities. The two planets repel each other asorbital energy is lost to heat. This moves near-resonant pairs just beyondresonance, by a distance that reflects the integrated dissipation theyexperienced over their lifetimes. We find that the observed distances may beexplained by tides if tidal dissipation is unexpectedly efficient (tidalquality factor ~10). Once the effect of resonant repulsion is accounted for,the initial orbits of these low mass planets show little preference forresonances. This could constrain their origin.

Resonant Repulsion of Kepler Planet Pairs