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We report on the discovery of cool gas inflow toward six star-forminggalaxies with redshifts z ~ 0.35 - 1. Analysis of MgII and FeII resonance-lineabsorption in Keck/LRIS spectroscopy of this sample reveals velocity shifts of80 - 200 km/s and equivalent widths for inflowing gas of >~ 0.6 Ang in five ofthe six objects. The host galaxies exhibit a wide range in star formation rates(SFR ~ 1 - 40 M_sun/yr) and have stellar masses similar to that of the MilkyWay (log M_*/M_sun ~ 9.6 - 10.5). Imaging from the Hubble Space TelescopeAdvanced Camera for Surveys indicates that five of the six galaxies have highlyinclined (i > 55 deg), disk-like morphologies. These data represent the firstunambiguous detection of inflow into isolated, star-forming galaxies in thedistant universe. We suggest that the inflow is due to the infall of enrichedmaterial from dwarf satellites and/or a galactic fountain within the galaxies.Assuming that the material has been enriched to 0.1Z_sun and has a physicalextent approximately equal to that of the galaxies, we infer mass inflow ratesof dM_in/dt >~ 0.2 - 3 M_sun/yr for four of these systems. Finally, fromcomparison of these absorption lines to the profiles of MgII and FeIIabsorption in a larger spectroscopic sample of ~100 objects, we measure acovering fraction of cool inflow of at least 6%, but cannot rule out thepresence of enriched infall onto as many as ~40 of these galaxies.

The Direct Detection of Cool, Metal-Enriched Gas Accretion onto Galaxies at z ~ 0.5