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We present the discovery, photometric and spectroscopic follow-upobservations of SN 2010X (PTF 10bhp). This supernova decays exponentially withtau_d=5 days, and rivals the current recordholder in speed, SN 2002bj. SN 2010Xpeaks at M_r=-17mag and has mean velocities of 10,000 km/s. Our light curvemodeling suggests a radioactivity powered event and an ejecta mass of 0.16Msun. If powered by Nickel, we show that the Nickel mass must be very small(0.02 Msun) and that the supernova quickly becomes optically thin togamma-rays. Our spectral modeling suggests that SN 2010X and SN 2002bj havesimilar chemical compositions and that one of Aluminum or Helium is present. IfAluminum is present, we speculate that this may be an accretion inducedcollapse of an O-Ne-Mg white dwarf. If Helium is present, all observables of SN2010X are consistent with being a thermonuclear Helium shell detonation on awhite dwarf, a ".Ia" explosion. With the 1-day dynamic-cadence experiment onthe Palomar Transient Factory, we expect to annually discover a few suchevents.

Rapidly Decaying Supernova 2010X: A Candidate ".Ia" Explosion