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With the help of Stokes operator S2 squeezed state (also called polarizationsqueezed state (PSS)) of 795-nm light, rubidium-87 (87Rb) atomic magnetometerbased on Faraday rotation has been implemented and characterized.The PSS ofStokes operator S2 of 795-nm light has been prepared by means of coherentlycombining the polarization coherent state (PCS) of a linearly p-polarizedbright 795-nm light beam and a linearly s-polarized squeezed vacuum state (SVS)generated by a 397.5-nm ultraviolet laser pumped sub-threshold opticalparametric oscillator (OPO) with a PPKTP bulk crystal inside the OPO cavity.PSSwith a squeezing level of -3.7 has been achieved around the analysis frequencyof 10 kHz. At different transitions of D1 line, various frequency detuning, andreasonable atomic vapor cells temperature, Faraday rotation has been measuredand compared.To decrease absorption (scattering) losses and the back-actionfrom atomic spin noise to the probe beams polarization noise for maintainingthe quantum properties of PSS of Stokes operator S2 of 795-nm light, we had torun our magnetometer with 87Rb vapor cells temperature below 60, at which thePSS was almost destroyed.The sensitivities of magnetic field measurement werecharacterized via measuring signal-to-noise ratio of the alternating current(AC) calibrated magnetic field signal with a balanced polarimeter. Under theconditions of the atomic number density of 5.8*1010 /cm3 and the probe beamwith a detuning of - 400 MHz relative to the 5S1/2 (Fg=2) - 5P1/2 (Fe=1)transition of 87Rb D1 line, a typical sensitivity of 19.5 pT/Hz1/2 has beenachieved employing PSS of Stokes operator S2 as the probe, compared with asensitivity of 28.3 pT/Hz1/2 using PCS as the probe.We preliminarilydemonstrated that the quantum-enhanced sensitivity in a Faraday-rotation-based87Rb atomic magnetometer with the help of PSS of 795-nm light.

Quantum-enhanced rubidium atomic magnetometer based on Faraday rotation via 795-nm Stokes operator squeezed light