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Plastic scintillators are commonly used for medical dosimetry due to the density and effective atomic numbers that are closer to human soft tissue. When a photomultiplier tube (PMT) is used with a thin scintillator, reflected photon and electrons as a result of Compton scattering either inside the scintillator or PMT entrance window, might contribute to a significant source of additional absorbed dose. Monte Carlo simulation was used to study the effect of different PMT window materials on the absorbed dose of a 0.5 mm plastic scintillator cast sheet for parallel photon beam energy up to 1 MeV. The additional dose in the plastic scintillator from 400 keV to 1 MeV due to sapphire and lithium fluoride (LiF) glass are increases from 11 % to 47 % and 8 % to 31 %, respectively. Despite of the lower density of Quartz among other materials, Quartz and magnesium fluoride (MgF 2 ) demonstrate almost similar trends of additional dose throughout the energies, which is closer to the sapphire. To reduce the unexpected additional dose, a plastic scintillator with a considerable thickness of a PMT window should be adopted for the ‘soft-tissue’ dose response.

The effect of photomultiplier tube glass entrance window on plastic scintillator cast sheet photon dosimetry: A Monte Carlo study