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When a pile is driven, the soil around the pile reaches a critical condition. This results in a failure condition for the soil, which then moves as a viscous element. The flow is caused by the external driving force exceeding the static resistance of the soil. When the failure condition is reached, the dynamic resistance of the soil will counter the penetrating force of the pile. The rheology model is accurate in representing the soil flow when the critical condition is reached, because the parameters used for the mathematical model of soil flow resistance represent static and dynamic resistance. The dynamic resistance is influenced by the shear viscosity of the soil, which was determined using the Bingham and Casson models. Discrepancy exists between the analytical output used in the mathematical model of soil flow resistance and the actual result. Therefore, a correction factor is needed to calibrate the displacement of the pile.

Drivability analysis based on the mathematical model of soil flow resistance