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The aim of the present paper is to present a consistent 2D formulation of sandwiches (CS – classical sandwiches and FGMs – functionally gradient materials) that is accurate enough for a prediction of thermo-mechanical buckling load. Various kinematical hypothesis and variational formulations are studied in order to compare them with 3D finite element modelling and to estimate the effectiveness of 2D approximations. The examples deal with the compressed rectangular plates and shallow cylindrical panels. The effects of boundary conditions on both values of thermal and mechanical buckling loads as well on the variations of bifurcation loads with fibre orientations are discussed in details.

Buckling loads for sandwich structures having FRP faces and FGM core