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Based on the land use data of 1980, 2000 and 2018, combined with ArcGIS and fragstats4.2, the landscape index of the study area was calculated, and the spatiotemporal change process of landscape ecological risk in Qin’an County in the past 40 years was analyzed, which laid the foundation for the formulation of ecological risk control measures in the study area. The results show that: (1) from 1980 s to 2018, the landscape pattern of Qin’an County has changed obviously, the cultivated land decreased significantly, the construction land expanded obviously, and the expansion area mainly came from the transformation of cultivated land. From 1980 s to 2018, the landscape fragmentation of Qin’an County showed an overall increasing trend. (2) The landscape ecological risk level has a decreasing trend, the area of high risk area is significantly reduced, and the area of low risk area is increased. (3) From the spatial distribution analysis, the overall risk type of Qin’an County has an increasing trend from southwest to northeast. The high-risk areas are mainly distributed in the surrounding areas of Liuping, and the main landscape types in this area are cultivated land and grassland, which are easily disturbed by human activities; the low-risk areas are mainly distributed in Qin’an County, and the main landscape type is construction land, with strong anti-interference ability and lowest risk value.

Ecological risk assessment of ecological landscape pattern in Qin’an County